Introduction
Sargassum seaweed has been making headlines in the national media, sparking questions about its impact. In this article, we will explore the origins of sargassum seaweed, the reasons behind its recent proliferation, and whether or not it will affect Texas. Join ABC13 Houston’s chief meteorologist, Travis Herzog, as he explains the phenomenon and provides valuable insights.
The Origin of Sargassum Seaweed
Sargassum seaweed originates from the Sargasso Sea, which is the only sea on the planet without any land boundaries. It is surrounded by four major currents - the Gulf Stream to the West, the North Atlantic current to the North, the Canary current to the East, and the North Atlantic equatorial current to the South.
This unique location provides a relatively calm environment known as the North Atlantic gyre, where the seaweed flourishes. Even Christopher Columbus noted its presence during his voyages, expressing concerns that his ship might be dragged down by the abundance of seaweed.
The Rise of Sargassum Seaweed
For centuries, the sargassum seaweed population remained relatively stable within the confines of the Sargasso Sea. However, in the winter of 2009-2010, a significant shift occurred due to a strong negative North Atlantic oscillation. This altered the wind currents, pushing a substantial amount of sargassum seaweed eastward towards the Iberian Peninsula, Europe, and Africa.
As spring arrived, the seaweed found ideal conditions in the Tropical Atlantic, characterized by warm temperatures, abundant sunlight, and a nutrient-rich environment facilitated by Saharan dust clouds. Since 2011, this has led to a rapid growth in the sargassum population, forming what is known today as the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt.
The Impact on the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean
Every spring and summer, large quantities of sargassum seaweed migrate towards the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean. This has been the focus of recent media coverage, describing a 5,000-mile long “blob” of seaweed. While it is not a continuous stretch, the area is significant and poses challenges as it washes up on local beaches.
Along the Texas Gulf Coast, it is crucial to understand that the primary current running through the Gulf, originating from the Caribbean, is the Gulf Stream. This current diverts most of the seaweed eastward towards Florida and the Atlantic Ocean. However, there is a localized sargassum population in the Northwestern Gulf that moves towards the Texas coastline, making it the primary source of seaweed for this region.
Predicting the Impact on Texas
Researchers are continuously studying the sargassum influx and have developed a sargassum inundation index to assess the risk of encountering seaweed along coastlines. The index highlights areas of concern, indicated by orange and red, primarily found in the Caribbean. As of now, the Gulf of Mexico remains relatively unimpacted, with only some issues reported near the Florida Keys, while the Yucatan Peninsula’s Caribbean side experiences significant problems, particularly in Cancun and Cozumel. The Gulf side of the peninsula is relatively unaffected.
In terms of the risk for Texas, experts state that it is challenging to predict if any of the sargassum seaweed “blob” will reach the state’s Gulf Coast. However, local sargassum populations tend to come ashore during the early spring, peaking in May. Therefore, it is crucial for Texans to monitor the situation and stay informed about the presence of sargassum along their coastline.
Conclusion
While the sargassum seaweed phenomenon has garnered significant attention, it is unlikely to be a major issue for Texas. The primary current in the Gulf of Mexico directs seaweed towards Florida and the Atlantic Ocean, leaving Texas with a localized sargassum population. However, it is vital to remain vigilant as sargassum can occasionally migrate towards the Texas Gulf Coast. By keeping an eye out during the early part of spring, Texans can be prepared and ready to respond accordingly.
Thank you for taking the time to learn about the sargassum seaweed situation and its potential impact on Texas. Stay informed, stay prepared, and stay connected to ABC13 Houston for the latest updates on this topic.
